Anti-psychotics, also known as neuroleptics, are the mainstays of treatment for schizophrenia (Jeffries, 1995; Keltner, Schwecke, Bostrom, 1991; Modrow, 1995; Thornton & Seeman, 1993). Thornton & Seeman (1993) state that anti-psychotics act on a number of neurotransmitter systems in the brain to produce a variety of effects. It is through the use of these neuroleptics that schizophrenia symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder and bizarre behavior can be controlled. Once these symptoms are controlled, a major source of preoccupation for the patients is removed and this allows sufferers to focus attention on other aspects of their life. Despite the importance of medication, it is far from the only form of treatment for schizophrenia sufferers.

Medical follow-up is also a vital part of the rehabilitation process. Follow-up has two major purposes. First to monitor medicinal compliance and, second, to adjust the therapeutic level of medications. "Studies consistently show that without medication, people with schizophrenia relapse at a rate of 60% to 70% within the first years of diagnosis" (Stuart & Sundeen, 1995, p.504). Stuart & Sundeen (1995) also state that for those who are faithful with their medication regimen, the relapse rate is approximately 40%. Hospitalizations, mainly in the form of crisis intervention, are also important for the rehabilitation program. Clients, families, and caregivers must have a ready knowledge and access to emergency wards, mobile crisis units, in-patient or occasionally, in times of extreme relapse, long term hospital stays. Knowing that these options are available may decrease anxiety and make their use less necessary.

Psychotherapy is a major building block in the rehabilitation program. A schizophrenia sufferer may meet with his or her therapist to discuss a myriad of topics ranging from medications, vocational issues, finances, family interactions and quality of life. Keltner et al (1991) states that the ultimate goal of psychotherapeutic management is to help the client to become stronger than his or her symptoms. Many schizophrenics that go on for years fighting and struggling alone without anyone to help them get stronger than their symptoms need the aid that psychotherapy provides. Carson & Arnold (1996) state that schizophrenics respond best to psychotherapy that is supportive and focuses on "strengths, increasing coping and problem-solving skills and offering affirmation, long-term concern, hopefulness, and commitment" (p. 748).

Interventions for alcohol and drug abuse are also an important component to rehabilitation. Norris & Neagle (1990) state that between 20% and 25% of clients admitted with a diagnosis of schizophrenia report recent substance abuse. Jones (1995) states that exacerbation of symptoms during the recovery and maintenance phase is the complication of drug and alcohol abuse. Keltner et al (1991) observed that 88% of the drugs abused were alcohol, marijuana and cocaine. The problem of drug abuse among schizophrenics must be addressed and confronted by exploration, education, supervision, monitoring and peer discussions. Behavioral techniques, supportive therapy and family involvement will also be effective. The possible referral to special drug and alcohol rehabilitation programs may also be utilized.

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